Posts Tagged ‘cancer cells’

New ‘smart bomb’ tech used to target cancer cells

Monday, July 12th, 2010

A team of researchers from Australia and India are hard at work developing a new “smart bomb” to target tumors. The investigators are developing an antibody that binds to cancer stem cells, delivering a lipid particle containing an anti-cancer therapy coupled with RNAi gene silencing tech.

“While current treatments kill the bulk of the cancer cell, the cancer root escapes the therapy and can regenerate into a new cancer mass,” says Wei Duan, an associate professor at Deakin University, who is collaborating with colleagues in India on the project. “The aim of our research is to develop a smart bomb that can penetrate the cell and release the drugs within the cells, rather than from the outside, and kills the whole tumor, root and all.”

Indian Institute of Science in Bangalore, Barwon Health’s Andrew Love Cancer Centre and ChemGenex Pharmaceuticals are all collaborating on the program, which has been funded in part by the Indian and Australian governments. And the scientists say the delivery technology isn’t restricted to the cancer field. The same approach could also work for Alzheimer’s, heart disease and diabetes.

“This system would also be very human compatible and human degradable meaning it would not be toxic to other cells in the body and would cause very limited side-effects,” says Duan.

- here’s the story from the Sydney Morning Herald
- here’s the report from The Med Guru

HER2 / Neu and Breast Cancer | Refractory Cancer | Conversant

Monday, August 24th, 2009

Can you collect clinical specimens from Herceptin non-responders?  That’s a question we get often.  Let me give you a little background then address that question directly…

Breast cancer – including ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive/infiltrating ductal, and invasive/infiltrating lobular – is a common diagnosis at Conversant’s clinical cancer Sites (a “Site” to us is any place where we consent patients and collect samples ie. a hospital, clinic, or physician practice).  For example, in 2008 our Sites saw over 275 newly diagnosed breast cancer patients, 25 (or 9%) of which were pre-chemotherapy Stage IV Breast Cancer patients.

9% Stage IV disease is a significant improvement versus previous years.  That points to a successful, new, aggressive push for screening plus some major advances in diagnostic technology.

Improved diagnosis is one part; the other part is improved treatment.  That’s why I’m posting this blog…

Treatment Options
Everyone who has been around the cancer research world for any period of time has heard about HER2/Neu (also known as ErbB-2, ERBB2) which stands for “Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2″; a protein giving higher aggressiveness in breast cancers.

We also know Trastuzumab (“Herceptin”) – developed by Genentech and FDA approved in 1998 – is a monoclonal antibody that interferes with the HER2/neu receptor and reverses the effects of an overactive HER2 receptor.  In order to be used, physicians will score breast cancer tissue with IHC and FISH… scores of 0 and 1+ are negative (don’t treat), scores of 3+ are positive (treat).

Studies conducted by academia and industry both show that approximately 25% of breast cancer patients have tumors that are HER2+.  Herceptin is a highly effective treatment for many of these patients.

What About Herceptin “Non-Responders”
Because the fight for better therapies in breast cancer is always ongoing, many researchers are focused on improving upon the currently available treatment options.  That’s where we can help.

Conversant collects clinical specimens from patients at initial diagnosis and follows them throughout their treatment course.  Using the Herceptin non-responders example, we can (and do) collect clinical specimens (like PBMC, Serum, Whole Blood, and even Circulating Tumor Cells) from these patients… enabling our research clients to study refractory or n0n-responder patient population.

There’s a whole lot more to it and – if you are interested – I would love to talk with you.  Give us a call anytime at (866) 838-2798.

More next week…

Radiation Therapy

Tuesday, July 28th, 2009

Radiation therapy is an exciting new technique being used to combat cancer. This fascinating technology is always evolving. It works by damaging the DNA of cells. The damage is caused by directing a beam of photons, protons, electrons, neutrons, or ions which can directly or indirectly ionize the atoms which make up the DNA chain. Although this may seem permanent, cells have mechanisms for repairing DNA after this process has happened, which is why Radiation Therapists now focus on breaking the DNA on each separate strand to ensure the DNA is destroyed. This DNA damage has been observed to be inherited throughout the cell division of tumors leading to cancer cell apoptosis or decrease in the rate of cancer cell division.

While there are also many drawbacks of radiation therapy, the largest one is cells of solid tumors often become deficient in oxygen and cause hypoxia. This causes the radiation to be far less effective because tumor cells in a hypoxic environment have a shown a general resistance to radiation therapy. Currently, researchers are working hard to solve this problem.

By providing researchers with the samples they need, we are hopeful we can contribute to new advances in this exciting field. If you have and question please feel free to comment or fill out the form to the left.

The Great Divide: Cellular Senescence

Thursday, July 9th, 2009

One of the most important terms to understand when referring to cancer research is senescence. Basically, cellular senescence is a phenomenon by which normal cells lose their ability to divide in vitro. Generally, cells in vitro only have the capability of dividing about 50 times before experiencing apoptosis.

Many researchers are in agreement cellular senescence is key in understanding cancer cells because almost all do not experience this programmed cell death. In fact, back in the mid-1950s, a biopsy of cervical cancer was removed from a woman named Henrietta Lacks and grown in tissue culture. While Ms. Lacks died long ago, the cells from her biopsy, known as HeLa cells, are widely-used in general cancer research because they still continue to divide to this day. This is possible because of the lack of cellular senescence.

Researchers believe senescence is caused by the shortening of telomeres and DNA damage. They have also proven this is what leads to aging and eventually, death. A few even believe by silencing this process we can reverse the effects of aging and attain the mythical “fountain of youth”.